Common Conjunctions
Connectors that link words, phrases, and clauses. Essential for building complex sentences.
Categories
Conjunctives
a
and
Czech Example
Učím se česky a francouzsky.
Snídám housku a čaj.
Půjdu domů a uvařím večeři.
Translation
I am studying Czech and French.
I have roll and tea for breakfast.
I'll go home and cook dinner.
i
as well as, both… and
Czech Example
Mám hlad i žízeň.
Zajímá mě literatura i historie.
Na zahradě máme ovoce i zeleninu.
Translation
I'm hungry as well as thirsty.
I'm interested in literature and history.
We have fruits as well as vegetables...
jako / jakoby
as / as though
Czech Example
Bylo to, jakoby se mu to zdálo.
Cítil se jako doma.
Translation
It was as though in a dream.
He felt like he was at home.
Disjunctives
ale
but
Czech Example
Chci jít do divadla, ale musím jet do Prahy.
Ten dům je hezký, ale drahý.
Translation
I want to go to the theater but I must go to Prague.
The house is nice but expensive.
buď - nebo
either – or
Czech Example
Buď se budeš učit německy nebo anglicky.
Dal jsem to buď Pavle nebo Honzovi.
Translation
You will either learn German or English.
I either gave it to Pavla or to Honza.
ani – ani
neither – nor
Czech Example
Nebyl tam ani on ani ona.
Nemám čas ani dneska ani zítra.
Translation
Neither he nor she were there.
I won't have time neither today nor tomorrow.
nebo
or
Czech Example
Uvidíme se v sobotu nebo v neděli.
Chci modrý nebo červený svetr.
Translation
We'll see each other on Sat. or Sun.
I want a blue sweater or red sweater.
Causal
proto
that's why
Czech Example
Moc kouří, proto je často nervózní.
Jdu do kina a proto nemám čas.
Translation
He smokes a lot that's why he is often nervous.
I'm going to the movies, that's why I don't have time.
protože
because
Czech Example
Protože jsem přišel pozdě, ujel mi vlak.
Translation
Because I came late, I missed my train.
Relative
kdo
who
Czech Example
Vím, kdo mluví německy.
Translation
I know who speaks German.
co
what
Czech Example
Vím, co chceš.
Translation
I know what you want.
kdy
when
Czech Example
Nevím, kdy přijde.
Translation
I don't know when he'll come.
kam
where to
Czech Example
Nevíš, kam šel?
Translation
Do you know where he went to?
kde
where
Czech Example
Nevíš, kde je?
Translation
Do you now where she is?
jak
how
Czech Example
Řekl mi, jak to mám udělat.
Translation
He told me how to do it.
který
what, which
Czech Example
Viděl jsem film, který natočil Forman.
Translation
I saw the film which Forman made.
než
than
Czech Example
Máš se lépe než já.
Translation
You are better than me.
Time
když
when
Czech Example
Když jsem byl v Praze, koupil jsem si knihu.
Translation
When I was in Prague I bought a book.
až
when, as late as
Czech Example
Až budu v Praze, koupím si knihu.
Řeknu ti to, až zítra.
Až skončí film, půjdeme domů.
Translation
When I'm in Prague I'll buy a book.
I will tell you tomorrow.
When the film is over we will go home.
než
before
Czech Example
Dříve než ti odpovím, musím se zeptat Petra.
Než přijde Petr, uklidím si pokoj.
Translation
Before I answer I have to ask Petr.
Before Petr comes I will clean my room.
jakmile / hned jak
as soon as
Czech Example
Hned jak přijdu, zavolám ti.
Jakmile se uzdraví, přijde na návštěvu.
Translation
As soon as I get back I'll call you.
As soon as he recovers he will come to visit.
zatímco
while
Czech Example
Zatímco jsi spal, já jsem pracovala.
Zatímco ty se máš dobře, já se mám špatně.
Translation
While you were sleeping I was working.
While you're okay, I'm bad.
kdykoli
whenever, any time
Czech Example
Kdykoli přijde, přinese dárek.
Můžete mi zavolat kdykoli.
Translation
Whenever he comes he brings a gift.
You can call me whenever.
dokud
as long as
Czech Example
Dokud jsem naživu nedostaneš ani cent.
Translation
As long as I live you're not gonna get a cent.
Conditional
jestli / jestliže
if
Czech Example
Jestli bude sníh, pojedeme lyžovat.
Jestliže to nebude hotové včas, nedostaneš peníze.
Zeptej se ho, jestli přijde.
Translation
If there is snow, we will go skiing.
If it's not done in time you will get no money.
Ask him if he'll come.
když
if, when
Czech Example
Když bude sníh, pojedeme lyžovat.
Když budu mít čas, udělám to.
Translation
If there is snow, we will go skiing.
If I have time I will do it.
kdyby
if
Czech Example
Kdybych měl čas, udělal bych to.
Kdyby byl sníh, jeli bychom lyžovat.
Translation
If I had time I would do it.
If there were snow we would go skiing.
-li
if
Czech Example
Bude-li sníh, pojedeme lyžovat.
Budu-li mít čas, udělám to.
Translation
If there is snow we will go skiing.
If I have time, I will do it.
Concessional
i když / přestože / ačkoli
even though
Czech Example
I když se mi to nelíbí, udělám to.
Přestože nemám moc peněz, koupím si to.
Translation
Even though I don't like it I will do it.
Even though I don't have much money I will buy it.
přesto
in spite of, anyway
Czech Example
Nemám moc peněz, přesto si to koupím.
Translation
I don't have much money but I will buy it anyway.